INTRODUCTION  
With the rise in the international competition which is mainly a result of globalization, it is observed that most countries have begun to prioritize export policies built upon quality and image instead of strategies depending on price advantages. This result is alo observed in other sectors and reflects to the products of agricultural production. Furthermore, export price indexes depict that there has been a decrease in export incomes despite of the high amount of the exported products. This exhibits the need of minimally transacted products that have high cost value besides high quality agriculture products in order to take place in international trade market. In addition, we may gain a considerable chance of enterprise concerning overseas market in case we direct off-the-season production availability provided by our country’s ecology.
However, the biggest problem in the country occurs due to the lack of application of the product planning and product assessment program that are often exposed to many populist policies. The lack of information concerning the product design to be used causes significant stock excesses together with production issued without exact research both in the national and the international market. Therefore, the firms that use these products are directed at an unprogrammed work shift which leads them to a loss in competitive means at the international market.
The producer is agrieved, the investors are unable to make future predictions and have difficulty in directing the investments and people and companies that are responsible for trading the product cannot issue a wealthy marketing organization. This situation is oftenly observed regarding products of agriculture in our country. Supportive elements that are critical to agricultural formation of Turkey should be used in our country like other countries. However, productive associations for each product group should be constructed since strengthening the financial enlargement and socialization. In addition, these associations should be activated in product planning, decreasing in income prices and accelerating the market power.
Taking these facts into consideration it should be noted that product planning and product assessment are not to be considered on behalf of the Ministry of Agriculture’s duties but also to be cooperatively formed with the help of producer unions, investor unions and overseas trading associations that should take part in production, transaction and marketing of products. In other words, these sectors should be integrated and the Ministry of Agriculture should be reconsidered as an organizer and monitor of creating new policies. Therefore, when an overall evaluation is made regarding the policies employed;

• The farmers cannot obtain most of the funds allocated to the producers by the public, moreover, small enterprises and regions with low production cannot benefit enough.
• The producers cannot access to market signals enough which will enable them to make decisions regarding production.
• Lack of coordination among institutions hinder the effective implementation of activities, and the producers, manufacturers, business organizations run on temporary programs.

Consequently;
Short term and long term startegical aims in Turkish Agriculture should be;

• Development in production so that it can compete in international markets.
• Stability in producer income and increase in social wealth, balanced income distribution.
• Ensuring food safety and reliability.
• Decreasing public finance concerning agricultural support.
• Increasing foreign trade and adjusting the world trade.
• Increasing quality and efficiency in agricultural production.
• Preserving natural resources and developing environment-preserving models.

Strategies and policies foreseen to realize these goals:

• The state should not intervene price policies, the stock market policies should be developed, producer unions should be established and these unions should play a more effective role in the sector to encourage production under free-competition conditions.
• The responsibilities of Turkey, and decisions of World Trade Organization Treaty regarding agricultural policies should be taken into consideration.
• Trademark concept and quality production according to targeted markets, and product planning should be developed, agricultural organizations should be established which can not only serve independently from the state but also play a vital role in agricultural policies.
• The acts regarding food safety should be employed effectively and the consumers should be informed.
• The rural income should be diversified and the state should attach importance to rural development.
• The bound-product and ecological agriculture should be universalized.
• The cooperation is necessary among public institutions, producer and manufacturer unions, universities and non-governmental organizations in order to determine the priorities and scope of Research and Development (R&D) projects and support these projects.

In order to implement these strategies easily;

• The producer unions should be renovated immediately if it is considered necessary according to Agricultural Products Insurance Law and the process should be accelerated through preparing regulations and acts as soon as possible.
• Agricultural State Economic Enterprises, and Agricultural Cooperatives should be privatized.
• The legislations concerning heritage in civil code should be reorganized.
• Stock markets should be developed.

‘Turquality from Turkey’ philosophy should be universalized instead of ‘No Name’ product exportation.
            When the agricultural structure of Çanakkale is examined the reflections of Turkey’s agriculture can be seen. However, there are differences in industry which is based on agriculture due to the location, climate, and soil characteristics.

• How can we benefit these advantages?
• How can we make changes to the classical concept of agriculture?
• What should be these changes? Who should make these changes?

When the present agricultural structure in Çanakkale is observed before answering these questions:
Agricultural Activities: Our region which has some advantages in terms of agricultural product due to its climate, land, transportation and marketing has become famous for its agricultural industry as well. The important agricultural activities in Çanakkale are: Stock-breeding, herbal production, food industry, and fishery products.

Stock-breeding	Herbal Production	Food Industry	Fishery Products
Cattle	Yard plants	Cultivating	Marine products
Small cattle	Field Plants	Fruit and vegetables	Fresh water products
Poultry farming	Growing hothouse flowers		Beekeeping

Land Distribution: Our province area is 973.700 acres in total. 6.7% (65.256 acres) is residential area, 5.06 %  (49.291 acres) is grassland, 53.98 % (525.580 acres) is timberland and shrub, and 34.26 (333.573 acres) is arable land.
While the timberland and shrub area is too much, the area allocated for residential area is little. The population movements in recent years, the appearence of informal settlements, and the low ratio of residential area in the overall distribution are taken into consideration, the current developments may lead to the destruction of timberland and arable land. For this reason, the local authorities should avoid populist policies and encourage building residential areas out of arable land (e.g. Bozcaada, Lapseki). Since there is too much timberland new agricultural activities should be developed in forest villages appropriate for familiy business to provide additional income without damaging the structure (e.g. mushroom cultivating, universalizing saanen goat-breeding, beekeeping, organic agriculture).
When the land distribution across the county is examined. Especially, Biga and Bayramiç counties are rich in arable land. However, the error in product design in Biga may lead to lose this land. Plant types should be used such as walnut, chestnut and nut pine in afforesting the timberland in Yenice, Bayramiç, and Çanakkale counties.
As for distribution of arable land of 333.573 acres, field plants (wheat, barley, cotton, corn and etc.) have the biggest proportion with the ratio of 83 % (277.234 acres). Yard plants (fruit, vegetable, olive) have the ratio of 17 % (52.249 acres).  While 570.000 tonnes of product are obtained in cultivating field plants, 780.000 tonnes of product are obtained through cultivating yard plants (figure 3). 86.000 tonnes of product obtained from olive with a proportion of 8 %, 48.000 tonnes of product obtained from vineyard with a proportion of 2 %, 170.000 tonnes of product obtained from fruits with a proportion of 2 %, and 475.000 tonnes of product obtained from vegetables with a proportion of 5 %. However, this structure is bound to change within a short period and there will be an explosion in cultivating yard plants. Because, just 17 % (120.000 acres) of the cultivable land can be irrigated in Çanakkale. In addition to dams in Çanakkale [Bayramiç (16.000 acres), Atikhisar (3500 acres), Gökçeada (600 acres)], new dams are being built which can irrigate 36.000 acres of land and as a result the proportion of arable land will increase by 50 %. Therefore, the product, production and marketing plans should be made immediately for this land and the establisment of producer, manufacturer and marketing organizations is essential. Planning made with the contribution of public, university, private sector, producer, marketing man and non-governmental organizations will help the producer and manufacturer make appropriate decisions. Therefore, we should take the advantages of the Çanakkale province itself. Çanakkale is close the metropoles such as İstanbul, İzmir, Bursa by highway and sea route and the closest border to European countries. Furthermore, it has a favoruble structure for cattle-breeding and cultivating organic plant (Çan, Yenice, Gelibolu Peninsula, Bozcaade, Gökçeada, Biga). Kepez Port, airport, the culture of cultivating olive, olive oil, wine and fruit dating back to ancient times and presence of microclimates will provide many advantages in the first place. On the other hand, it will be very useful to build integrated facilities to produce original Çanakkale products (Ezine peyniri, nectarine, capia pepper, wine, saanen goats, fig and etc.).
Cultivating oil is of vital importance in Çanakkale province. The olive is generally cultivated for its oil in the region. 86.000 tonnes of oil are produced each year. Since the olive groves are too old the production is low. For this reason, pruning is important. On the other hand, new olive groves should be built in new agricultural areas. The local authorities and university may contribute a great deal in establishing new facilities and providing sapling.
The cereals are the mostly cultivated field plant with the area of 178.784 acres. Grain is the second with 22.552 acres, leguminous seeds is the third with 12.948 acres and industrial plants with 6049 acres. The overall area for cultivating field plants is 277.324 acres. Wheat has the largest proportion in production with 400.000 tonnes. However, wheat prices are far below the expected. Growing barley and rye may increase the product profitability since these products grow faster than wheat due to spring rains. Besides, flour factories, and feed factories in the region may play role in quality production by choosing new agricultural model called contractual agriculture. 
Stock-breeding which has always been an important activity in the socio-economic lives of societies has also been important in Çanakkale due to its economy which highly depends on agriculture. Raising dairy cattle has a special place within the general pattern of stock-breeding in Çanakkale. The number of the cattle in the county is approximately 132.400. 87 % of the cattle consist of specially bred and half-bred animals whereas only 13 % are domestic animals. The amount of milk attained from each animal is between 4-35 litres a day varying in correlation with the conditions of companies. However, an increase is observed in this amount due to developing technologies. These values show that cattle-breeding has the potential of structurally reaching the genetic capacity. Cattle-breeding for dairy products rather than for meat has become more important in Çanakkale lately because of the little proportion of pastures (5%) in the city.  Furthermore, there is the constant encouragement of the dairy products industry in the city. There are also 459.000 sheep and 200.000 goats in the county (see figure 4). Moreover, there is an increasing demand in curly sheep breed due to its fairly easier adaptation to this region and the delicious meat of this breed. In goat-breeding, it is urgent to make a change from raising goats for their hair to raising the saneen breed goats which give a lot milk. It is also necessary to prevent the damage given to forests by goats. However, funds are needed from research institutes of national and international foundations. Therefore, a cooperation of universities, dairy industries with the city administration is recommended. Due to this cooperation, the saneen breed will be the dominant breed in the county which has a reputation for its dairy products.
As for poultry breeding and bait industry, the number of poultry farms is increasing due to the big poultry products companies in the region. Particularly a development of Broiler poultry sector is expected as a result of the development in technology when the climate conditions and the condition of the fields are taken into consideration.
When the total amount of animal products is analyzed, it is seen that milk is at the top of the list with a proportion of 71 %. The milk production potential of the county (327.000 tonnes now) is expected to increase with increase in the number of the animals kept for breeding. Due to this percentage of milk production, Ezine and Bayramiç districts has had a reasonable reputation for their cheese and other dairy products. However, it is necessary to control this production which is done in small workshops and dairy farms at present, so that some problems that can sometimes be observed in the products of these small farms which mostly use old technologies will be avoided totally.  Therefore, it is urgent for different cooperatives and private companies to found a big and integrated company for dairy production. Such a company will also be useful in terms of creating a new brand and using the dairy products such as whey effectively. As for leather production, which is another important sector of animal products, decontamination facilities are urgently needed to prevent any kind of contamination in the nature. These facilities can be built by public or private institutions. Otherwise, the pollution that can now be observed in the Ezine district will reach an irreparable level.
An investigation of the agricultural companies in the district reveals that nearly the half of them have  small farms and fields and this causes several problems in mechanization  as well as an increase in the prices.  Therefore, it is necessary to create bigger companies that have larger fields and lands.

Company Size	Number of companies	Area (da)
Less than 5	2.449	7.130
5-9	4.417	26.610
1-19	11.986	167.811
20-49	25.950	830.427
50-99	15.529	1.054.459
100-199	5.070	664.497
200-499	1.588	446.501
500-999	5	3.040
1000-2499	6	8.990
2500-4999	2	5.400
5000 <	1	6.150

The majority of the companies related to Agriculture in Çanakkale produce dairy products, olive oil and processed fruit and vegetables. However, there is a significant number of companies that have closed down recently. The possible reasons are lack of raw materials, operational problems and the general financial status of the Turkish economy. It is a priority to gain back these companies in order to solve the unemployment problem as well as enliven the agriculture of Turkey (see the table below). 

Companies of Agricultual Industry	Total number of companies	Number of active companies	Amount of production (tonnes)
Olive and Olive Oil	61	55	29.681
Flour	28	15	33.780
Tomato paste and preserved Food	12	5	8.310
Integ. Preserved food companies	3	3	595.330
Milk and dairy products (dairy farm)	62	34	24.968
Milk and dairy products (tin)	23	21	71.595
Frozen and dried Foods	2	1	2.190
Wine cognac and Grape	5	5	526.096
Sea Products	3	2	402

We can briefly sum up the conclusions related to the future of the agricultural activities in Turkey as follows:

• Priority should be given to education in the light of the new European Union regulations by stock markets of trade, cooperatives, various unions, chambers of agriculture and universities. And all related institutions should get ready and start working in coordination as soon as possible. 
• Another important issue is that producers should play important roles in shaping the agricultural policies rather than being governed by chambers. Therefore, it is needed to prepare the regulations that will create a strong tie between chambers of agriculture, cooperatives and various unions, so that the delegation system will be used in the administrations of these institutions.
• Subventions by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas should be carried out on the basis of products and producers’ unions should also be active. Further regulations are needed in order to give the producers’ organizations the authority of marketing. A revision of the law concerning the grocery market is also needed.
• It is another priority to create the markets that will give service openly with integrity and stability; and ensure that the terms of free trade are paid attention to with utmost care. It is also necessary to open the stock market of deferred and optional operations within the body of the trade stock market of Çanakkale in order to create a more secure atmosphere for our members and to protect them from various risks. It will also be positive step in terms of Çanakkale’s economy.
• Another urgent necessity is to build depots that will keep the products cool and also to build packing facilities that will improve the conditions of marketing. Especially when the traffic at the Çanakkale Port is taken into account, the importance of such facilities is grasped better. Furthermore, the exporters should be supported and the system of licensed depots should immediately be started in Çanakkale.
• New factories that will process olive should be built on deserted fields.  
• A ‘stock-breeding zone’ should be formed in order to support the stock-breeding activities in the vicinity of Çanakkale. The necessary funds should be provided by the Ministry through subventions or credits with low-interest rate.
• A planning of the agricultural products in a particular region should be made and irrigation facilities of that particular area should be taken into account. New fruits and vegetables that can adapt to the environment and that will yield better profits should be introduced to the farmers.
• New investments that will provide the needs of the growing of these new fruits and vegetables such as seeds, seedlings etc. should be supported and new factories should be built in order to process these new products.
• The number of the agricultural cooperatives (217 at present) should be increased and be ensured that they are more active in the sector. New stock markets for dairy, products, fruits and vegetables should immediately be opened.
• New working areas are necessary for the families of farmers in order to create new opportunities for extra income. ‘Contractual Agriculture Model’ should be adopted and spread for stockbreeding and other agricultural activities.
• Milk delivery in cattle breeding should be increased by means of increasing the number of animals for breeding; and saanen goats should be bred in large numbers and given to farmers. During the whole process, dairy farms and integrated factories that are to produce dairy products should give the due support.
• The tax (vat) should be lowered to 1% in cheese production just as it is with butter production in order to support the role of dairy farms that are found in large numbers in the county and to ensure that they play a more important role in economy.
• Modern integrated factories that will produce dairy products by processing the milk from the vicinity will cater to the development of stock-breeding as well as reinforce the brand image of the city.
• In Forest villages, broiler-breeding and apiculture should be turned into a widespread activity for farmers that have small fields. The building of new and modern factories that will process the products from these villages should be supported.
• When the present production is taken into consideration, the principle of constant production should be adopted. Furthermore, the ecological agricultural potential of the county should be taken into account both in vegetal production and stockbreeding. New national and international companies should be called for investment in the region. Vegetal production and stock-breeding should be supported especially in National parks like Gökçeada, Bozcaada, Gelibolu, Kaz Mountains and Truva as well as in districts of Çan and Yenice.
• Special interest should be paid to the education of farmers in issues like fertilization, irrigation, mechanization and dealing with harmful insects so that they will adopt the new and modern techniques. This will result in an increase in the produce as well as in the quality of the productions.
• Research is needed in order to reflect the real conditions of the agriculture in Çanakkale and make a master plan about the future projections and needs of the county. Local politicians have the responsibility to contact with institutions like TUBITAK, DPT or AB in order to ensure that projects prepared in coordination with these institutions receive the due support.
• The fuel-oil subvention given to producers should be carried out by taking into account the factual use of fuel-oil by them. New regulations should be made after recalculating the money given to electricity in order to reduce the expenses.
• New funds should be allocated in order to finish the present irrigation projects in the county as soon as possible.
• Enterprises that will create a brand of Çanakkale should be supported and in the privatization process of TİGEM that is located in the Çanakkale county, priority should be given to a consortium that consists of local producers and industries.
• The practice of money demand from the funds of cooperatives and unions by private laboratories for various reasons during controls should be abolished immediately.
•  Producers in the county should be encouraged to make their investments on more useful areas instead of just wasting their money on projects that are doomed to collapse.